आजको प्रविधिको युगमा कम्प्युटर नेटवर्क (Networking) र साइबर सुरक्षा (Cyber Security) सम्बन्धी ज्ञान कम्प्युटर अपरेटरका लागि मेरुदण्ड जस्तै हो। लोकसेवा परीक्षामा यस खण्डबाट निकै गहिरा र प्राविधिक प्रश्नहरू सोधिने हुनाले यसको विशेष तयारी आवश्यक पर्छ।
यस लेखमा हामीले नेटवर्किङ र साइबर सुरक्षासँग सम्बन्धित ३० वटा अति महत्वपूर्ण वस्तुगत प्रश्नोत्तरहरू प्रस्तुत गरेका छौँ।
### Networking & Cyber Security MCQs Set
**१. Which network topology requires a central device like a Hub or Switch?**
Answer: Star Topology
**२. What is the full form of OSI in networking?**
Answer: Open Systems Interconnection
**३. How many layers are there in the OSI Reference Model?**
Answer: 7 Layers
**४. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for routing data packets?**
Answer: Network Layer
**५. What is the transmission medium used in Fiber Optic cables?**
Answer: Light waves (Glass fibers)
**६. Which network device is used to amplify or regenerate signals over long distances?**
Answer: Repeater
**७. What is the IP address range for Class C networks?**
Answer: 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255
**८. Which protocol is primarily used for sending e-mails over the Internet?**
Answer: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
**९. What is the full form of FTP?**
Answer: File Transfer Protocol
**१०. Which device connects a local area network (LAN) to the internet?**
Answer: Router
**११. What is the main purpose of a Proxy Server?**
Answer: To provide security, anonymity, and caching web pages
**१२. MAC Address is also known as:**
Answer: Physical Address or Hardware Address
**१३. How many bits are there in a MAC address?**
Answer: 48 bits
**१४. The process of converting readable text into unreadable coded text is called:**
Answer: Encryption
**१५. What is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users called?**
Answer: DoS (Denial of Service) Attack
**१६. Which security tool monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic to block unauthorized access?**
Answer: Firewall
**१७. Ethical hackers are also known as:**
Answer: White Hat Hackers
**१८. What type of cyber attack involves tricking users into giving away sensitive information via fake emails?**
Answer: Phishing
**१९. Software that secretly records your keystrokes to steal passwords is called:**
Answer: Keylogger
**२०. What is the full form of VPN?**
Answer: Virtual Private Network
**२१. Which wireless standard is commonly used for short-range data exchange?**
Answer: Bluetooth
**२२. What is the address given to each computer connected to the internet called?**
Answer: IP Address
**२३. Which layer of the OSI model handles data compression and encryption?**
Answer: Presentation Layer
**२४. What is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers?**
Answer: Computer Worm
**२५. The First Cyber Law in Nepal is:**
Answer: Electronic Transaction Act, 2063
**२६. What is the port number used by Domain Name System (DNS)?**
Answer: 53
**२७. Which device operates at the Data Link layer of the OSI model?**
Answer: Network Switch or Bridge
**२८. What is the range of valid ports in TCP/IP networking?**
Answer: 0 to 65535
**२९. Collecting personal information and masquerading as another person is known as the crime of:**
Answer: Identity Theft
**३०. WPA3 is a security protocol used in:**
Answer: Wi-Fi networks
### निष्कर्ष
नेटवर्किङ र सुरक्षा सम्बन्धी यी प्रश्नहरू नियमित रूपमा दोहोर्याउनाले परीक्षामा आउने घुमाउरो प्रश्नहरूको सही उत्तर ठम्याउन धेरै मद्दत मिल्छ। सजग रहनुहोस् र निरन्तर तयारी गरिरहनुहोस्।